The intellectual Foundations of the Anti-Populist Movement of the First Islamic Centuries in View of Ibn e- Qutaiba

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph. D in Iran after Islam, history department, faculty of literature and humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of History Department in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Associate professor of history department, faculty of literature and humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor of History Department in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

5 Assistant professor of history department, faculty of literature and humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

10.22081/hiq.2021.58058.2062

Abstract

After the establishment of the Abbasid caliphate, two schools of thought, "populist" and "anti-populist" in the Islamic world, came into conflict with each other. The Iranian populist movement relied on Iran's ancient historical and civilizational background and sought to improve its political and social position in the new political order. The anti-populist movement, which was considered an extension of the Umayyad political thought, sought to instill and perpetuate the idea of Arab superiority over non-Arabs due to the loss of their previous political and social status. This research seeks to reconstruct the intellectual foundations of the anti-populist trend in the first centuries of Islam, relying on the opinions of Ibn e- Qutaiba, one of the serious supporters of the mentioned thought. The reason for choosing Ibn e- Qutaiba, as a representative of the anti-populist movement, is the survival of his book Fazl al-Arab, which contains a complete formulation of the anti-populist principles. The findings of the research clarify that the intellectual foundations of the anti-populist trend based on Ibn e- Qutaiba's opinions have two focal axes of proving the superiority of the Arab people over other nations and proving the inferiority of the social, political and historical position of Iranians and populist-Muslims, each of which is based on several principles. The present article is a type of historical research written through the descriptive-analytical method, relying on library sources especially the book of Fazl al-Arab.

Keywords

Article Title [العربیة]

المبانی الفکریّة للحرکة المناهضة للشعوبیة فی القـرون الإسلامیة الأولى بالاتکاء على آراء ابن قتیبة

Abstract [العربیة]

بعد إنشاء الخلافة العباسیة بدأ تیارین فکریین "الشعوبیة" و "المناهض للشعوبیة" فی العالم الإسلامی بمعارضة بعضهما البعض. و قد استندت حرکة الشعوبیة الإیرانیة بالخلفیة التاریخیة و بالحضارة القدیمة لإیران، کما أنها سعت إلى تعزیز مکانتها السیاسیة و الاجتماعیة فی النظام السیاسی الجدید. و قد عمدت الحرکة المناهضة للشعوبیة، و التی تعتبر امتداداً للفکر السیاسی الأموی، إلى ترویج و العمل بفکر أفضلیة العرب على غیر العرب، و ذلک بسبب فقدان المکانة السیاسیة و الاجتماعیة السابقة.




یسعى هذا البحث إلى إعادة بناء الأسس الفکریة للحرکة المناهضة للشعوبیة فی القرون الأولى للإسلام، و ذلک من خلال الاعتماد على آراء ابن قتیبة المؤید الجاد للفکر المذکور أعلاه. و یرجع سبب اختیار ابن قتیبة کممثل لحرکة الفکر المناهض للشعوبیة، إلى بقاء کتابه فضل العرب، و الذی یحتوی على صیاغة کاملة للمبانی الفکریة المناهضة للشعوبیة. وتبین نتائج هذه المقالة أنّ الأسس الفکریة للحرکة المناهضة للشعوبیة المبنیة على آراء ابن قتیبة، تتضمن محورین أساسین هما: إثبات أفضلیة العرب على سائر القومیات، و إثبات تدنی المکانة الاجتماعیة و السیاسیة و التاریخیة للإیرانیین و الشعوبیین، و کلا هذین المحورین مبنیان على عدة مبادئ.




هذه المقالة من نوع البحث التاریخی، و قد اتبعت المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی، و اعتمدت على مصادر المکتبة، و بالخصوص کتاب فضل العرب.

Keywords [العربیة]

  • الشعوبیة
  • الحرکة المناهضة للشعوبیة
  • ابن قتیبة
  • کتاب فضل العرب
  • الأمویین

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History of Islam
Volume 24, Issue 96 - Serial Number 96
December 2024
Pages 149-180

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