Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Abstract
Claude Caen, the writer of this part of comprehensive "War" entry in the "Encyclopedia of Islam" - other parts of which are dedicated to war in Iran, Ottoman Empire, India, and Egypt in the Mamluk period and which are complemented with a large number of related articles such as jihad, army, fortification, war room, gunpowder etc. - deals with the technique and art of war in the period of the Islamic Caliphate (from the beginning to the end of 7th century A.H.). While briefly studying the influence of war-related literature in pre-Islamic civilizations such as Persia, Greece, and India and the transter of these civilizations' experiences to the Muslim World; he also talks about various elements involved in a classic war including declaration of war, mobilization and equipment of troops, command and control, espionage and counter - espionage, maintenace of morale, fighting organization, armamentes, support and logistics, strategic issues, the stationing of forces and security and vigilance in the camp, offensive and defensive plans, counterattack, ambush, siege, tactical retreat, booty and its division among troops, conquest accounts and victory celebrations, prisoners of war, truce and conclusion of a peace accord, and finally guerrilla warfare.
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