Monarchism, the Domination of Militants over the Political-Official Foundation of Abbasid Caliphate

Abbasid caliphate could gain the power thanks to the persistent effort, development of orderly system of Daeeds as well as the expansion of propagation. The power of caliphate, development of a united bureaucracy and ministerial position, division of official responsibilities, cooperation of non - Arabs towards the control of government, as well as organization of the army were the amendments made within the political and social foundation of Abbasid caliphate. However, during Abbasid era, it has changed the balance of power, the authority of caliphate towards the failure and weakness so that the army powers conquered the government. In the present writing, it has been endeavored to investigate the domination of militants over the political and official construction of Abbasid government from the beginning of Turks’ domination -218 after hijrah- till the advent of Buyids, 223-448 after hijrah, along with its consequences through the analytical –descriptive method and reliance on the historical data based on the sociological method of Max Weber. According to the findings of research, Abbasids caused the entrance of monarchism such as autocracy, monopolization, development of bureaucracy, taking advantage of militants in favor of caliphate system, subsequent the confirmation of political authority of government, the entrance of Turkish armies and strength of militants. Monarchism provided the grounds for Abbasid caliphate, the most important of which are changes in the political system, decline of caliph power, gradual dismissal of ministerial families, and the development of independent and half independent governments as well