Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 Ibn e- Oqdeh’s Biography; Contrasting Ottoman and Alawite s’ Biography, A Case Study of Prophetic Era Ibn e- Oqdeh’s Biography; Contrasting Ottoman and Alawite s’ Biography, A Case Study of Prophetic Era 7 46 67166 10.22081/hiq.2019.67166 FA Mohammadrez Hedayatpanah Associate Professor of History Department, Hozeh and University Institution Ali Ahmadi Ph.D. Student of History of Islam, Baqir al-Olum University Journal Article 2018 05 29 Abu Abbas Ahmad ibn e- Mohammad ibn e- Saeed ibn e- Oqdeh (333 A.H) is considered as one of the Zeidi-Jarudi scholars of hadith in the third and fourth centuries and the author of more than thirty books. Like ibn e- Helal e- Thaqafi (283 A.H), Nasr ibn e- Mozahem (212 A.H), Mohammad ibn e- Omar e- Joa’ee (355 A.H), he is also the agent of Alawites’ historiography which is against Ottoman historiography. This article is to investigate the conduct of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) with the emphasis on the historical narrations by Ibn e- Oqdeh and their comparing with Prophetic conduct reported by Othman trend with a historical-narrative approach. After the critical analysis of the documents of both trends, it is concluded that the view of Ibn e- Oqdeh is to foreground the highest position of Amir al- Momenin Ali (PBUH) and the Prophet’s household in the events occurred in the era of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and this issue differentiates Ottoman and Alawites’ trends. Abu Abbas Ahmad ibn e- Mohammad ibn e- Saeed ibn e- Oqdeh (333 A.H) is considered as one of the Zeidi-Jarudi scholars of hadith in the third and fourth centuries and the author of more than thirty books. Like ibn e- Helal e- Thaqafi (283 A.H), Nasr ibn e- Mozahem (212 A.H), Mohammad ibn e- Omar e- Joa’ee (355 A.H), he is also the agent of Alawites’ historiography which is against Ottoman historiography. This article is to investigate the conduct of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) with the emphasis on the historical narrations by Ibn e- Oqdeh and their comparing with Prophetic conduct reported by Othman trend with a historical-narrative approach. After the critical analysis of the documents of both trends, it is concluded that the view of Ibn e- Oqdeh is to foreground the highest position of Amir al- Momenin Ali (PBUH) and the Prophet’s household in the events occurred in the era of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) and this issue differentiates Ottoman and Alawites’ trends. https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67166_f3271d3ff6d8ecf0716cb061b936c554.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 A Comparative study of Yunes ibn e- Bokair ‘s Accounts of the Battles of Early Islam with Those of Ziyad ibn e- Abdullah e- Bakkaee in the Account of ibn e- Ishaaq’s Sireh A Comparative study of Yunes ibn e- Bokair ‘s Accounts of the Battles of Early Islam with Those of Ziyad ibn e- Abdullah e- Bakkaee in the Account of ibn e- Ishaaq’s Sireh 47 72 67167 10.22081/hiq.2019.67167 FA Hossien Moradi Nasab Assistant Professor of Hozeh and University Journal Article 2015 10 27 Yunes ibn e- Bokair (199 A.H) and Ziyad ibn e- Abdullah e- Bakkaee (183 A.H) were the students of ibn e- Ishaq who wrote hisaccounts of the battles of early Islam. In spite of the similarity in the propositions of these two books, Bakkaee ‘s accounts of the battles of early Islam attracted more attention and their various interpretations were effective on its eternity. This article is to clarify the reasons of lack of attention to Yunes’s accounts of the battles of early Islam in spite of being classmate with Bakkaee and training a brilliant student such as Ahmad ibn e- Jabbar e- Atarodi (270-272 A.H). In order to answer this question, the content of the books and the style of writing of both writers, the character, the scientific position of them as well as the documents are compared with each other. According to the findings of this research, it is concluded that the mystery of eternity of bakkaee’s accounts of the battles of early Islam should be searched in the political and religious atmosphere dominant during the second half of the 2^nd century and the superiority of Bakkaee’s student over Yunis’s student. Yunes ibn e- Bokair (199 A.H) and Ziyad ibn e- Abdullah e- Bakkaee (183 A.H) were the students of ibn e- Ishaq who wrote hisaccounts of the battles of early Islam. In spite of the similarity in the propositions of these two books, Bakkaee ‘s accounts of the battles of early Islam attracted more attention and their various interpretations were effective on its eternity. This article is to clarify the reasons of lack of attention to Yunes’s accounts of the battles of early Islam in spite of being classmate with Bakkaee and training a brilliant student such as Ahmad ibn e- Jabbar e- Atarodi (270-272 A.H). In order to answer this question, the content of the books and the style of writing of both writers, the character, the scientific position of them as well as the documents are compared with each other. According to the findings of this research, it is concluded that the mystery of eternity of bakkaee’s accounts of the battles of early Islam should be searched in the political and religious atmosphere dominant during the second half of the 2^nd century and the superiority of Bakkaee’s student over Yunis’s student. https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67167_e8fc4c87a928dfa535d088d8fc955b04.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 The Way of Altering the Political-Cultural Discourse of Community after the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) with the Emphasis on Fake Traditions The Way of Altering the Political-Cultural Discourse of Community after the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) with the Emphasis on Fake Traditions 73 96 67168 10.22081/hiq.2019.67168 FA Seyed Mohammad Taqi Musavi Keramati Ph.D. Student of Quran and Hadith Science, Qom University Mohammad Taqi Diari Bidgoli Professor of Qom University Journal Article 2017 10 15 The Islamic community after the departure of prophet Mohammad (PBUH) was attracted towards values against the ones in the age of Prophet Mohammad. This article is to clarify the purposeful strategies of the government after the prophet Mohammad (PBUH) in order to culturally substitute these values under the shadow of public religious and civil stillness in the Islamic community. The article shows that this strategy supported by fake traditions changed the thoughts, character and tradition of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) by theorizing, characterizing and organizing behavior and tried to institutionalize a new reading from the Islamic discourse compatible with the political benefits among the public thoughts The Islamic community after the departure of prophet Mohammad (PBUH) was attracted towards values against the ones in the age of Prophet Mohammad. This article is to clarify the purposeful strategies of the government after the prophet Mohammad (PBUH) in order to culturally substitute these values under the shadow of public religious and civil stillness in the Islamic community. The article shows that this strategy supported by fake traditions changed the thoughts, character and tradition of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) by theorizing, characterizing and organizing behavior and tried to institutionalize a new reading from the Islamic discourse compatible with the political benefits among the public thoughts https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67168_d6b8b7889bb008a40bd796c1da566ac3.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 Sheikh e-Saduq’s View and Style of Historiography, Case Study of Oyun al- Akhbar al- Reza Sheikh e-Saduq’s View and Style of Historiography, Case Study of Oyun al- Akhbar al- Reza 97 124 67169 10.22081/hiq.2019.67169 FA Ruhollah Tohidiniya Graduated from Qom Seminary School and Ph.D. Student of History of Islam, Tehran University Mohammadali Tohidiniya Graduated from Imam Sadeq Institution and M. A Student of History of Shi’ism, Hozeh and University Institution Journal Article 2016 07 14 The analytical identification of a collection of Twelvers’ narrative historiography is due to the consideration of criteria and regulations of historiography. This article tries to investigate Oyun al- Akhbar al- Reza being regarded as one of the most important works written by Sheikh e- Saduq (381 A.H) in relation to the history and life of Imam Reza (PBUH) and to find a way towards Sheikh e- Saduq‘s view and style of historiography by analyzing the historical propositions of this book. The findings of this article indicate that Sheikh e- Saduq’s character pertaining to hadith and theology has been so influential on his style of historiography. The analytical identification of a collection of Twelvers’ narrative historiography is due to the consideration of criteria and regulations of historiography. This article tries to investigate Oyun al- Akhbar al- Reza being regarded as one of the most important works written by Sheikh e- Saduq (381 A.H) in relation to the history and life of Imam Reza (PBUH) and to find a way towards Sheikh e- Saduq‘s view and style of historiography by analyzing the historical propositions of this book. The findings of this article indicate that Sheikh e- Saduq’s character pertaining to hadith and theology has been so influential on his style of historiography. https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67169_0c5b9e48a1df85f5c5a01f0da8d71c60.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 The effects of Historical Information in the Process of Jurisprudential Deduction; Case Study of Najaf Contemporary School The effects of Historical Information in the Process of Jurisprudential Deduction; Case Study of Najaf Contemporary School 125 172 67170 10.22081/hiq.2019.67170 FA Mohammad Kermani Kojur professor of Qom Seminary School and Ph.D. Student of History of Civilization, Islamic Maaref University Sayed Mohammad Javad Seyed Shirazi Instructor of Fiqh and Osul, Qom Seminary School Journal Article 2016 11 17 Jurisprudential deduction is a process taken advantage of all kinds of information from numerous sciences. The function of this information, some of them with historical content, is observed in famous areas in jurisprudence such as proof, evidence, oneness of evidences, probable evidence. The present article studies the effect of forms with historical content on the Jurisprudential deduction and it has concluded that the historical evidence is not determinative in the process of deduction while the other forms have entered Najaf contemporary school and they have impressive effect on it. Jurisprudential deduction is a process taken advantage of all kinds of information from numerous sciences. The function of this information, some of them with historical content, is observed in famous areas in jurisprudence such as proof, evidence, oneness of evidences, probable evidence. The present article studies the effect of forms with historical content on the Jurisprudential deduction and it has concluded that the historical evidence is not determinative in the process of deduction while the other forms have entered Najaf contemporary school and they have impressive effect on it. https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67170_08227a835fe0e5dc944293f85a7ce657.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 The Study of Interpretive Viewpoint of Abdul Jalil e- Qazivini in Dealing with the Obstacles on the Way of Unity in Saljuqi Era The Study of Interpretive Viewpoint of Abdul Jalil e- Qazivini in Dealing with the Obstacles on the Way of Unity in Saljuqi Era 173 196 67171 10.22081/hiq.2019.67171 FA Talat Dehpahlavani Ph. D student of history of Islam, Isfahan university Asqar Motazar Al- Qaem Professor of history department, Isfahan university Mostafa Pirmoradiyan Associate professor of history department, Isfahan university Journal Article 2018 01 14 Concurrent with Saljuqids’ achieving power in Iran (429-552 A.H), the religious disagreement and tensions was developed among the Muslims. During this era, some intellectuals took effective steps toward eradicating the diverging theological beliefs and their substitution with converging thoughts and peaceful actions. Abdul Jalil e- Qazvini e- Razi (600 A.H) is considered as one of the Shiite scholars who investigated the issue of religious unity. The present article is to study his converging view and actions by taking advantage of the library sources as well as the analytical descriptive method. The findings of the present research clarify that his most important actions in this regard is the illustration of religious common beliefs, scientific interchange, criticism of radical beliefs of the groups such as procrastinators (Murji’ites), necessitarians, as well as reaction to the theological and jurisprudential suspicions against Shiites. Concurrent with Saljuqids’ achieving power in Iran (429-552 A.H), the religious disagreement and tensions was developed among the Muslims. During this era, some intellectuals took effective steps toward eradicating the diverging theological beliefs and their substitution with converging thoughts and peaceful actions. Abdul Jalil e- Qazvini e- Razi (600 A.H) is considered as one of the Shiite scholars who investigated the issue of religious unity. The present article is to study his converging view and actions by taking advantage of the library sources as well as the analytical descriptive method. The findings of the present research clarify that his most important actions in this regard is the illustration of religious common beliefs, scientific interchange, criticism of radical beliefs of the groups such as procrastinators (Murji’ites), necessitarians, as well as reaction to the theological and jurisprudential suspicions against Shiites. https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67171_af63b31c15895a12e540c20f000e4180.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 Organization and Principles of Banirostam Government Organization and Principles of Banirostam Government 197 218 67172 10.22081/hiq.2019.67172 FA Seyedeh Leila Taghavi Sangdehi Assistant professor of Islamic history, Zanjan university Somayeh Aqamohammadi Ph. D. candidate of history and civilization of Islamic nations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Journal Article 2017 02 13 The North of Africa in the half of the second century was observant of the development of Banirostam government based on Abaziyeh beliefs. They selected Tarot as their capital in the West of Middle and could preserve their authority to the end of the third century. Relying on the primary historical sources as well as the descriptive-analytical method, the present research is to study the features as well as the duties of Banirostam government in selecting Imams, judges, police, governors, censors, the way of their supervision as well as their efforts towards the peasantry affairs. The results of this research clarify that Imam was the head of political system and he was selected through the council so long as having particular properties such as knowledge, justice, and no reliance on big tribes. The governmental systems and positions under the supervision of Imams was so different from those of other governments and there were some criteria in regard with the selection of people in charge and the supervision of their activities. This issue distinguished them from the others and it was considered as an important element of their success The North of Africa in the half of the second century was observant of the development of Banirostam government based on Abaziyeh beliefs. They selected Tarot as their capital in the West of Middle and could preserve their authority to the end of the third century. Relying on the primary historical sources as well as the descriptive-analytical method, the present research is to study the features as well as the duties of Banirostam government in selecting Imams, judges, police, governors, censors, the way of their supervision as well as their efforts towards the peasantry affairs. The results of this research clarify that Imam was the head of political system and he was selected through the council so long as having particular properties such as knowledge, justice, and no reliance on big tribes. The governmental systems and positions under the supervision of Imams was so different from those of other governments and there were some criteria in regard with the selection of people in charge and the supervision of their activities. This issue distinguished them from the others and it was considered as an important element of their success https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67172_b124f522a4385fefd69cca335068868c.pdf

Baqir al-Olum University History of Islam 2008-6431 20 Issue 77 2019 08 23 The Development of Morshediyeh Monastery in Hind and China during the Eighth Century The Development of Morshediyeh Monastery in Hind and China during the Eighth Century 219 266 67173 10.22081/hiq.2019.67173 FA Abdul Rasul Kheirandish Professor of history, Shiraz University Aazam Rahemejabere Ph. D Student of History of Islamic Iran, Shiraz University Journal Article 2016 09 02   Morshediyeh mystical path was developed in the second half of the fourth century by sheikh Abu Ishaq e- Kazeruni (426 A.H) in Kazerun. It is considered as one of the most famous mystical path with a significant religious, social and economic role in the extension of the world if Islam. This mystical order could be developed as far as Hind and China with the purpose of propagation of Islam religion by developing an extensive monastery network with the centrality of Kazreun in the eighth century. Through the descriptive-analytical method, this article tries to answer this question related to the effect of geographical extension of Morshediyeh monastery in Hind and China on the propagation of Islam in these areas. The results of research indicate that the elements such as the trade routes, the spiritual miracles of sheikh Abu Ishaq e- Kazeruni, the holiness of his position, the social serving of the needy people and travelers as well as the support of merchants and sultans of monasteries have been effective on the propagation of Islam.   Morshediyeh mystical path was developed in the second half of the fourth century by sheikh Abu Ishaq e- Kazeruni (426 A.H) in Kazerun. It is considered as one of the most famous mystical path with a significant religious, social and economic role in the extension of the world if Islam. This mystical order could be developed as far as Hind and China with the purpose of propagation of Islam religion by developing an extensive monastery network with the centrality of Kazreun in the eighth century. Through the descriptive-analytical method, this article tries to answer this question related to the effect of geographical extension of Morshediyeh monastery in Hind and China on the propagation of Islam in these areas. The results of research indicate that the elements such as the trade routes, the spiritual miracles of sheikh Abu Ishaq e- Kazeruni, the holiness of his position, the social serving of the needy people and travelers as well as the support of merchants and sultans of monasteries have been effective on the propagation of Islam. https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_67173_cad7648b273dc36006ffb2e0c6656391.pdf