Reviewing Prophet Mohammad’s Incentive in Regard with the Preparation of Tabuk Battle
Alimohammad
Valvi
Faculty Member of Alzahra University
author
Somayeh
Bakhshizadeh
Ph. D Student of history of Islam, Lorestan University
author
text
article
2017
per
Tabuk battle came about in the ninth century After Hijrah. Three outstanding approaches in Islamic community at that time were “guiding the past traditions”, stabilizing the power and strengthening the individual and tribal position in the new political organization” , “loyalty towards the religious instructions as well as dealing with ignorance traditions”. In such a community, Prophet’s actions towards stabilizationof modern values in various types were being perused and it is possible to view his military actions in this regard.
In this writing, it has been investigated the actions and words of Prophet Mohammad PBUH in Tabuk battle via typological approach and it has been compared with his expressions in khaybar battle.
On the basis of this comparison, it is concluded that the objective of Khaybar battle was military while that of Tabuk battle was thoroughly social and political
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
1
36
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65023_34f6ee440e033b45f782b062cd472dff.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2017.65023
The History of Narrating the War Cries of Karbala Martyrs from the 2nd up to the 6th Century
Ramezan
Mohammadi
Assistant Professor of History Department, Research Institute of Hozeh and University
author
Mohammad
Mohammadifar
M. A in history of Shiism, Research Institute of Hozeh and University
author
text
article
2017
per
War cry being considered as a literary type and the simplest kind of order is of various themes and applications. In the earlier forms, it was utilized for the steering of camel, stating goodness and ethical advice while it was gradually used for the purpose of glory, satire, swearword, war and dispute, ostentation as well as the epic short songs.
The purpose of the present article is the identification and description of the mode of stating war cries of Karbala martyrs as one of the most important and singular ones related to the events of early Islam in various versions of historical sources from the second to the sixth century via taking advantage of analytical and documentary study methods.
The findings of this research illustrates that the amount of these war cries in a story like approach has been gradually increased.
Accordingly, the belief in the rightness of issuing of numerous war cries narrated in some sources is along with serious challenges. In this regard, it is more probable that the great amount of them is the descriptive accounts having changed into war cries by some people and they have been added to the previous ones
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
37
70
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65024_cce384806e6ee4d8ac9ad334e75f4b2e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65024
Imam Reza PBUH according to the Sufi Sources up to the 7th Century After Hijrah
Mansoor
Dadashnezhad
Associate Professor of Research Institute of Hozeh and University
author
mohammad
Dehghanizade
Ph. D Student of Islamic Science Education, Tehran University
author
text
article
2017
per
Shiite Imams including Imam Reza have been constantly of grand position before the various Sufi groups and they have been considered as the perfect samples in the dynasty of Sufi nobles.
Reminisce of Imam Reza PBUH in Sufi sources can be divided into two distinct era of before and after the seventh century After Hijrah.
Considering the life account of Imam in the first period is limited to some narrations and traditions while in the second one, the political dimensions of that holiness, benevolence and visiting him has been investigated.
Referring to the most ancient Sufi writings, this article has investigated the why and how of the entrance of name and narrations of Imam Reza in Sufi sources and the evolution of it in the first seven centuries After Hijrah. On the basis of the findings of this research, Shiites have revealed more interest to Imam due to the need of being united with Shiites while before that; they have paid attention merely thanks to Imam’s dignity and virtues
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
71
94
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65025_83cf57958e86fc6c374dbed833ab5563.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65025
The Grounds of Political Thought of “Armed Uprising” in the Second Century After Hijrah
Ruhollah
Tohidiniya
Ph. D. student of History of Islam, Teheran University
author
text
article
2017
per
One of the fundamental and effective considerations in the political and religious development of history of Islam in the second century was the necessity of the equipped confrontation of religious leaders against the Abbasid and Umayyad caliphs and rulers.
This belief was manifested with the continuous perusing of Zeid ibn e- Ali (122 After Hijrah) against Umayyad government and later on, it was followed by Zeidiyeh under the title of equipped upraising.
The present writing is to investigate the grounds and elements of developing this belief by taking advantage of Robert Gurr’s “relative deprivation theory”.
The findings of research presents that the developing deprivation of Shiite society gradually led to their dissatisfaction towards the political objectives due to the historical developments in era of Prophet Mohammad PBUH and on the other hand, the standard and beneficial justifications encouraged Zeid and its followers towards insisting on this belief as well as its welcoming by the elites and people of community
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
95
120
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65026_fb7622fa72586927f6245196f09973b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65026
Mohammad Arkoun’s Historical Methodology
Seyed Mohammad Ali
Noori
Ph. D Student of Shiite Study, Adyan o- Mazaheb University
author
text
article
2017
per
Mohammad Arkoun is considered as one of the contemporary Arab thinkers being of significant part related to the development of conception and interpretation from history in the present studies. In this writing which is concerned with reviewing his method intended for the comprehension of history of Islam, it has been mentioned the concept of historical methodology and following the review of his general research methods, the way of his historical criticism has been studied.
Arkoun has developed this method for the purpose of investigating one of the most important era of history of Islam, Umayyad and Abbasid era, and the most important elements of this new method is the intellectual analysis and criticism of historical sources
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
121
146
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65027_b7feff2f6320cd8122473c1e9af1fadb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65027
The Role of Orientalogy and Iranology in the Development of National Historiography in Iran, from Qajar up to the End of Pahlavi the Second
Ali Mohammad
Tarafdari
Assistant Professor of National Library & Archives of Iran
author
text
article
2017
per
The emergence of nationalistic historiography in the contemporary history of Iran has been efficient on the scientific historiography of Iranian historiographers as well as the development of their historical viewpoints towards the history of their country and it has led to the advent or strength of some intellectual trends such as the literary nationalism, authentic writing and archaism.
Among the numerous elements effective on the development of this school, it can be named Orientalogy and Iranology as the most important of them.
This trend led to the semi- national pride and exaggerated superiority complexity of Iranian historiographers and illuminati as well as their interpreting Iran and Iranian civilization as unrealistic and exaggerated and assuming it as the main foundation of all of the world’s civilizations in various eras and underestimating their previous neighbors and knowing them as the reason of annihilation of civility and majesty of old era.
In the present article, it has been investigated this issue from Qajar up to end of Pahlavi the first by taking advantage of descriptive-analytical method and relying on the first and the most important works in regard with Orientalogy and Iranology and later on, it has been studied the mode of emergence of the first nationalistic histories by the Iranian historiographers
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
147
182
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65028_ac3bd3a84cf879117e13edbc1c4f178c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65028
Typology of Political Conduct of Eminent Mu’tazilite Scholars and Abbasid Caliphs from the Age of Haroon Caliphate to the End of Vathiq Era
Nayereh
Dalir
Assistant professor of research center of institute humanities and cultural studies
author
text
article
2017
per
The relationship betweenMu’tazilite scholars and Abbasid caliphs from the age of Haroon to the end ofVathiq era is of considerable role towards developing and orienting theirpolitical and intellectual atmosphere. This research takes advantage ofproactive analysis and method of historical clarification via the theologicaland historical sources in order to state the bilateral relationships between Mu’tazilitescholars and Abbasid caliphs and to clarify the kind of these interactions andtheir consequences. According to the findings of study, this era is famous forthe age of cooperation between Mu’tazilites and Abbasid caliphs, however, these relationships have followed the behavioralregulations of religionists and politicians, the necessities of caliphs’ruling and some of its consequences. So it has not followed a stable constantpolicy
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
183
210
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65029_956880a35b984de14d25dbb481069489.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65029
The Study of Relationship between the Tradition of Chivalry and Baktashi Alawites’ Sophism in Anatoly
Fahimeh
Mokhber Dezfuli
.
author
text
article
2017
per
Abbasid caliphs tried to strengthen their caliphate foundations supporting the tradition of chivalry in the sixth and seventh centuries and joining with Fathian. This issue led to the development of chivalry systems in the Islamic lands.
Following the Mongolian assault, taking refuge of a group of scientists, mystics and sophists in the territory of Rome Saljuqids, supporting of Saljuqid kings from followers of chivalry and Sufi sheikhs along with the political and social changes of this area, various tendencies of Sufism in Anatoly got prevalent.
The sophism of Baktashi Alawites was one of them which turned into the most influential schools of Sufism in Anatoly by preserving its aggressive nature with Saljuqids and under the great influence of chivalry tradition.
Following Baktashi Alawite Sheikhs’ gaining power in the age of Ottoman sultans and the spiritual domination of this sophism over the Yanichari army, the followers of chivalry gradually joined with Baktashism in Anatoly.
This article has investigated the effect of chivalry systems on Baktashi Alawites sophism as well as the similarities between them
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
211
228
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65030_3a4840c3530b5bbe9e3b2da5eb0a15c1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65030
Reviewing the Intellectual Trends Effective on Syria at the Age of Ayubids up to the End of Mamalik
Shahnaz
Karimzadeh Sooreshjani
M. A in history of Islam, Baqer al- Olum University
author
Zahra
rooholahiamiri
Assistant professor of history department, Baqer al- Olum University
author
Hossein
Izadi
Assistant professor of history department, Baqer al- Olum University
author
text
article
2017
per
The strategic areas like Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Palestine during the significant historical era of Ayubids up to the end of Mamalik have been observant of the most important events of the political history such as constant crusade wars and Mongolian assault. These military and political happenings along with the cultural and social situations of this era provided the development of various intellectual trends among the Sunnites and Shiites of this region.
Reviewing these intellectual trends can be valuable in regard with the identification of historical origins of the present intellectual and political events in this part of the Islamic world.
Relying on descriptive-analytical approach, the present article is to answer the question related to the identification of effective intellectual trends as the historical heritage in this area following the investigation of cultural and social conditions of this area during Ayubids and Mamalik era.
The findings of research illustrates that it can be referred to the development of Sufism and some deviated Shiite and Sunnite trends as well as revealing prejudice in dealing with the great thinkers
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
229
258
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65031_7ab7932615c33597669a709ed232f902.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65031
Investigating the Heads of Baabism in Regard with the Abrogation of Islam Religion in Bedasht Sedition
Mohammad Ali
Parhizgar
Ph. D student of Islamic theology, Qom University
author
Ali
Moosavinezhad
Assistant professor of Adyan o- Mazaheb University, Shiite study faculty, department of Shiism sects
author
Rahman
Oshryeh
Academic Board Quran University of Science and Education Qom
author
text
article
2017
per
Baabism in considered as one of the issues believing in the abrogation of Islam religion on the basis of the claims made by Seyed Ali Mohammad Shirazi ( Baab, 1266 After Hijrah).
His followers did their best to state the abrogation of Islam religion and substitute the book ’Bayan’ with Holy Quran and represent the new claimed religion as an independent and creative one.
A little after the hanging of Ali Mohammad Shirazi, Hossein Ali Noori (1309 After Hijrah) claimed the prophecy and abrogation of claimed religion of “Bayan” and more than Baabism, he emphasized on the abrogation of Islam and its decrees and he totally changed many of them.
This writing investigates the background of claimants towards abrogating the decrees and Islam religion and it proves that the claim of Baabism and Baha’ism is not something new and it is derived from the words and actions of earlier claimants for the abrogation of Islam such as Isma’ilism, Literalists (a heretical sect), Naqtaviyeh, Yazidiyeh, and the followers of right and the contradictions of this claim is in such a way that results in falsification
History of Islam
Baqir al-Olum University
2008-6431
18
v.
شماره 2 - تابستان 96، مسلسل 70
no.
2017
259
288
https://hiq.bou.ac.ir/article_65032_5484fe897d5a3927b9662f10625524b9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22081/hiq.2018.65032